Ethnic community organizations have exerted an increasing influence on the political landscape of numerous major American cities in recent years. Among these, Chinese-American social and political organizations have become significant players, influencing local elections and political discourse in subtle yet significant ways. This influence is especially evident in New York City, which is home to one of the largest Chinese diasporas in the United States.
In a recent investigative report published by The New York Times (August 25, 2025), the extent to which these groups, some of which are closely associated with the Chinese government, have been able to influence electoral outcomes in the city was revealed, in addition to this general observation.
The Geography and Scale of the Chinese Diaspora in the United States
The United States is home to approximately 5 million individuals of Chinese descent, including Chinese citizens, immigrants, and Chinese-American citizens, as per the most recent data. Approximately 3 million individuals of Chinese descent are citizens of the United States. Traditionally, the biggest Chinese communities are located in New York (approximately 600,000 Chinese), San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Additionally, King and Snohomish counties in Washington State, Illinois (particularly Chicago), and Texas are home to substantial concentrations.
The particular significance of New York for Beijing’s political influence is determined by its status as the largest and most influential center of the Chinese diaspora in the country, as evidenced by its local associations.
Influence Methods and Forms
These associations serve as cultural societies and support organizations for new immigrants, facilitating the organization of traditional events and the establishment of social networks within the diaspora. However, the investigation reveals that the Chinese consulate has utilized a significant number of these associations to exert political pressure. Individuals who are affiliated with these organizations may be subject to threats or extortion as a result of their business connections in China, relatives, or other connections.
Concrete examples of actions are as follows:
- Undermining the fortunes of congressional candidates who are opposed to Chinese policy;
- Pressuring and expelling state senators for participating in events with the president of Taiwan;
- Social media criticizes candidates for the city council for their support of democracy in Hong Kong.
Influence on Politicians and Elections
The electoral potential of Chinese communities in New York is substantial. More than 50 organizations affiliated with Beijing actively engage in fundraising and election campaign support, according to the research. Some tax-exempt nonprofit organizations engage in electoral campaigning, which is a violation of US tax laws.
These organizations’ influence is evident in the frequent victories of candidates they support. For instance, Susan Zhuang, who was elected to the city council, has met with consulate officials on numerous occasions and has allocated substantial amounts of city funds to organizations affiliated with China.
Consequences and Political Context
Beijing prioritizes long-term goals, according to Audrey Wong, a specialist at the American Enterprise Institute. She explains that the support of these legislators today may have significant repercussions in the future, as they may ascend to the national level, including the presidency or Congress.
The Chinese agenda is actively promoted through the use of information technologies and social media, which includes holiday ceremonies that involve pledges to support China’s policies.
Comparison with Other Regions and Reactions
Although The New York Times’ investigation primarily concentrated on New York, comparable processes are observed in other locations with substantial Chinese-American populations, including San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Chicago. States with lower concentrations may diminish influence, but there is substantial potential for growth.
US political circles have already expressed apprehension about Beijing’s actions within its controlled electorate. President Donald Trump is expected to include this issue in his political discourse, with a particular emphasis on national security and foreign interference. He has previously criticized China and advocated for stricter immigration policies.
Not Just Chinese
Other ethnic groups in the United States, in addition to Chinese-American communities, have established considerable electoral influence through active political participation and concentrated populations. For instance, the capacity to influence local and national elections has been demonstrated by Hispanic communities in states such as Florida and Texas, Indian-American electors in states such as New Jersey and California, and African-American communities in cities throughout the country. Politicians actively engage these groups by organizing around shared cultural identities and interests, often leading to the formation of voting blocs. Nevertheless, the Chinese-American community in cities such as New York is distinguished by the additional dimension of foreign government influence that is interwoven with their local political activities.
In conclusion,
The situation in which China, through its consulates and affiliated organizations, influences local elections in the greatest US cities raises concerns about the sovereignty of American elections and national security. The severity and profundity of this issue surpasses that of illegal immigration or the rise in crime, compelling the attention of the highest political officials.
In the future years, this issue may become a critical topic in upcoming election campaigns and government policy due to the increasing international competition in political and economic sectors.